Guide.
ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS - II
CMELPA 301 3+1+0
Module 1
Vector Differential Calculus: Differentiation of vector functions – scalar and
vector fields – gradient, divergence and curl of a vector function – their physical
meaning – directional derivative – scalar potential, conservative field – identities
– simple problems.
Module 2
Vector Integral Calculus: Line, Surface and Volume Integrals, work done by a
force along a path – Application of Greens theorem, Stokes theorem and Gauss
divergence theorem.
Module 3
Function of Complex Variable: Definition of Analytic functions and singular
points – Derivation of C. R equations in Cartesian co-ordinates – harmonic and
orthogonal properties – construction of analytic function given real or imaginary
parts – complex potential – conformal transformation of function like zn, ez, 1/z,
Sin z, z + k2/z – bilinear transformation. Cross ratio – invariant property – simple
problems.
Module 4
Finite Differences: Meaning of D, Ñ, E, m, d - interpolation using Newton’s
forward and backward formula – central differences – problems using Stirlings
formula – Lagrange’s formula and Newton’s divided difference formula for
unequal intervals.
Module 5
Difference Calculus: Numerical differentiation using forward and backward
differences – Numerical integration – Newton-Cote’s formula – trapezoidal rule –
Simpson’s 1/3rd and 3/8th rule – simple problems. Difference eqns. – solutions of
difference equations.
References
1. Advanced Engg. Mathematics: Erwin Kreyszig, Wiley Eastern.
2. Higher Engg. Mathematics: Grawal B. S, Khanna Publ.
3. Numerical Methods in Science and Engg: M. K Venkataraman, National
Publishing Co.
4. Numerical Methods: S. Balachandra Rao and G.K Shantha, University Press.
5. Advanced Engg. Mathematics: Michael D. Greenberg, Prentice – Hall
6. Numerical mathematical Analysis: James B. Scarborough, Oxford IBH
Publishing Co.
7. Theory and Problems of Vector Analysis: Murray R. Spiegel, Schaum’s outline
series – McGraw Hill.
8. Finite Differences and Numerical Analysis: H.C Saxena, S. Chand & Co.Ltd.
MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY
E 302 3+1+ 0
Module 1
Properties of Fluids: Pressure, density, bulk modulus, dynamic and kinematic
viscosity, surface tension, capillary – fluid at rest, Pascal’s law, applications,
pressure head, vapor pressure, pressure measurement, manometers, gauges and
pressure switch – pressure on immersed surfaces – floating body.
Module 2
Fluid in Motion: Euler’s equation in one dimension. One dimensional
incompressible Bernoulli’s equation, interpretation of Bernoulli’s equation as a
energy equation. Flow through Orifices – measurement of fluid velocity, pitot
tube – discharge measurement, venturimeter, orifice meter, Rota meter and
notches.
Flow of compressible fluids through pipes – types of flow – critical Reynolds
number – friction factors for laminar and turbulent flow – hydraulic gradient –
minor losses – transmission of power through pipes.
Module 3
Hydraulic Turbines: Evolution of present day hydraulic turbines from the water
wheel – classification – degree of action – Pelton wheel, Francis and Kaplan
Turbines – constructional details and characteristics only (no problems based on
velocity triangles) – governing of turbines – draft tube – specific speed –
cavitation effects.
Module 4
Pumping Machinery: General classification – Dynamic pumps – working of
centrifugal pumps, priming, vapour pressure, wear rings, hydraulic balancing,
Classification of impellers, single and double suction impellers – types of casings
– effect of vapour pressure on lifting of liquid – specific speed – performance
pump characteristics: main, operating, ISO efficiency characteristics curves –
NPSH _ multistage pumps – propeller pumps – pump in parallel & series
operation – Theory, efficiency, performance curves & application of self-priming
pump, jet pump, airlift pump, slurry pump & hydraulic ram (description only).
Module 5
Positive Displacement Pumps: reciprocating pumps, effect of vapour pressure
on lifting of liquid – indicator diagram – acceleration head – effect of friction –
use of air vessels – work saved – slip – efficiency – pump characteristics –
applications – Cavitation in fluid machines – Rotary pumps: Gear, Screw, vane,
root pumps – rotary axial & rotary radial piston pumps – thory, efficiency,
performance curves – applications (Description only).
References
1. Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Machines: Abdulla Sheriff, Standard Publ.
2. Fluid Flows Machines: Govinda Rao N.S, TMH.
3. Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Machines: Jagadishlal, Metropolitan publ.
4. Fluid Mechanics: Massey B. S, ELBS
5. Centrifugal and Axial Flow Pumps: Stepanoff John A. J, Wiley & Sons.
ELECTRIC CIRCUIT THEORY
E 303 2+2+0
Module 1
Circuit Analysis: Concept of Linearity, Unilateral and Bilateral Systems –
Passive and Active networks – Vector and Phasor – Sources of Energy –
Independent and Dependent voltage and current Sources – Standard input signals
– Source transformations - Mesh and Node Analysis – Driving point Impedance
and Transfer Impedance – Driving point Admittance and Transfer Admittance.
Module 2
Coupled Circuits: Self-inductance and Mutual inductance – Coefficient of
coupling – dot convention – Ideal Transformer – Analysis of multi-winding
coupled circuits – Analysis of single tuned and double tuned coupled circuits.
Module 3
Network Theorems: Star-Delta transformations – Super position, Reciprocity,
Substitution, Compensation, Thevinin, Norton, Millman, Tellegen and Maximum
power transfer theorems.
Module 4
Three Phase Circuits: Generation of three phase voltages – Phase sequence –
Line and Phase quantities – Analysis of unbalanced loads – Neutral shift –
Symmetrical components – Analysis of unbalanced system – power in terms of
symmetrical components.
Module 5
Graph theory: Introduction – Linear graph of a network – Tie-set and cut-set
schedule – incidence matrix – Analysis of resistive network using cut-set and tieset
– Dual of a network.
Introduction to MATLAB and pSPICE – Simulation/Analysis of simple Electric
Circuits using MATLAB and pSPICE.
References
1. Network Analysis: M.E Van Valkanburg
2. Circuits and Networks-Analysis and Synthesis: A. Sudhakar, S.P Shyam Mohan
3. Networks and Systems: D. Roy Choudhary, New Age Intl’.
4. Theory and Problems in Circuit Analysis: T.S.K.V Iyer, TMH
5. Electric Circuits: Edminister J, Schaum’s Outline series
6. Engineering Circuit Analysis: W.H Hayt and J.E. Kemmerly – Mc Graw Hill.
7. Electric ciruit theory: Rajeswaran – Pearson Education
ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY
E 304 3+1+0
Module 1
Review of Vector Analysis – Cartesian coordinate system – The Vector field –
dot cross products – introduction to cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems.
Static Electric Field: Coulomb’s law – electric field intensity – field intensity
due to point charge, line charge, surface charge and volume charge distributions –
electric flux – electric flux density – Gauss’s law and its applications –
divergence – Maxwell’s first equation – the Del operator – Divergence theorem.
Module 2
Energy and Potential – Energy expended in moving a point charge in an electric
field – Electric Potential between two points – potential at a point charge –
potential at any point – due to discrete as well as distributed charges – Electric
field lines and equipotential contours – electric dipoles – potential gradient –
conservative nature of a field – Laplace and Poisson equations (Derivation only
and not solution).
Module 3
Conductors, Dielectrics and Capacitance – current and current density –
continuity equation – point form of Ohm’s Law – conductor properties –
polarisation – dielectric boundary conditions – capacitance – parallel plate
capacitor – capacitance of isolated sphere, spherical shell, coaxial and cylinders
and parallel wires – effect of earth on capacitance - method of images – energy
stored in electrostatic field – dielectric strength and break down.
Module 4
The steady Magnetic Field – Biot-Savart’s law – Ampere’s circuital law - Curl –
Stoke’s theorem – magnetic flux and flux density – the scalar and vector magnetic
potentials – magnetic force on a moving charge – force on a moving charge –
force on a current element – force between current carrying wires – torque on
closed circuits – magnetic boundary conditions – self and mutual inductances –
energy stored in a magnetic field – skin effect – inductance of solenoids, torroids
and two-wire transmission lines.
Module 5
Time varying fields – Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction – Motional
emf concept of displacement current – Maxwell’s equations in point form and
integral form – wave equation in free space – applications in transmission lines –
Poynting vector and power flow – Poynting theorem – interpretations –
instantaneous, average and complex pointing vector – power loss in conductors.
References
1. Engineering Electromagnetics: William H. Hayt Jr., McGraw Hill
2. Electromagnetics: John D. Karus and Carver K.R, McGraw Hill
3. Field Theory: Gangadhar K. A
4. Theory and Problems of Electromagnetics: Joseph Edminister, schaum’s outline
series
5. EMT with applications: B. Premlet
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS
E 305 2+1+0
Module 1
Units and Dimensions: SI Units – Dimensions of Electrical quantities –
dimensional equations.
Magnetic Measurements: Theory of Ballistic galvanometer – Flux meter –
Lloyd Fischer Square.
Module 2
Measurement of Voltage: Potentiometers – slide-wire, Precision slide-wire,
Vernier potentiometer – Calibration of Ammeter, Voltmeter and Wattmeter using
potentiometer- AC potentiometer.
Measurement of Resistance: Low, medium, high – Wheatstone bridge- Kelvin’s
double bridge – Insulation Megger – Earth Megger.
Module 3
AC Bridges: Maxwell’s bridge – Hay’s bridge, Wien’s bridge, Anderson
Bridge, High voltage Schering Bridge. (Analysis and Phasor diagram required)
Module 4
Instrument Transformers: Principle of Current and Potential transformers –
Phasor diagram – nominal ratio – phase angle error, Ratio error – Constructional
features and applications.
Error Analysis in Measurements: Source of error – Instruments errors – Human
errors – Environmental errors – Combination of errors – Mean and variance –
Standard deviation – Limits of error.
Module 5
Illumination measurements: Units of illumination – laws of illumination –
polar curves – Determination of MSCP and MHCP – Integrating meters – Lumer
Brodhern type.
Temperature measurement: Thermoelectric effects, laws of thermoelectric
circuits – common thermocouples.
References
1. Electrical Measurements and Measuring Instruments – Golding E.W, Wheeler
and Co., 1991.
2. Electrical and Electronic Instrumentation and Measurements – Sawhney A.K,
Dhanpat Rai and Co., 1992.
3. Modern Electronic Instrumentation and measurement Technique – Albert D.
Helfrick and William D. Cooper, PHI, 1992.
POWER GENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION
E 306 2+1+0
Module 1
Economic Aspects: Load Curve- Load duration curve-Maximum demand-
Average demand- Load factor- Diversity factor-Plant use factor.
Cost of Generation: Fixed and Running Charges- depreciation- straight line and
sinking fund method Tariffs- Different types and comparison.
Module 2
Distribution Systems: Feeder- Distributor - Service mains- Radial and Ring
mains- AC and DC Distributors- Calculations of voltage drop due to concentrated
loads fed at one or more points-LT Lines- LT Capacitors – Installation- Size –
Connections- Distribution system maintenance
Module 3
Design of Feeder- Kelvin’s law- Limitations- Related ‘Indian Electricity Act’
Rules regarding generation and supply of electrical energy
Power factor improvement- necessity – methods – economics – capacity of phase
advancing plant
Module 4
Underground Cables: Single core and three core cables – Insulation Resistance –
Stress and capacitance of single core cables – Grading – Extra high voltage cables
– Localisation of cable faults.
Module 5
High Voltage Generation:
D.C: Rectifier circuits - Voltage multiplier-Cascade circuits-Electrostatic
machines
A.C.: Cascade transformers – series resonance circuits
Impulse Voltage: Single stages and cascade circuits
References
1. A Course in Electric Power: Soni M.L., P.V.Gupta
2. A Course in Electric Power: Uppal
3. Electric Power Distribution System: A.S. Pabla
4. Transmission and Distribution of Electric Energy: Cotton H
5. High Voltage Engineering: M. S. Naidu, V. Kamaraju
BASIC ELECTRICAL LAB
E 307 0+0+4
1. Study of AC and DC supply systems in Electrical Laboratory
2. Study of PMMC / MI voltmeters, ammeters, electro-dynamometer type watt
meters, induction type energy meters, various loads like resistive, capacitive and
inductive.
3. Testing of insulating oils and H.V testing on insulating materials.
4. Determination of voltage-current characteristics of linear resistance and a
nonlinear resistance (e.g. incandescent lamp).
5. Verification of Kirchhoff’s laws using resistive network.
6. Verification of superposition theorem in a resistive circuit with two given DC
sources.
7. Verification of Thevinin’s theorem in a DC circuit.
8. Verification of generalised reciprocity theorem in a DC circuit.
9. Verification of Maximum Power transfer theorem in a DC circuit
10. Three phase star and delta connection – measurement of line and phase values.
11. Measurement of three phase power at different power factors for balanced and
unbalanced loads.
12. Study and measurement of symmetrical components for unbalanced system.
13. Determination of BH characteristics of a magnetic specimen.
14. RLC series and parallel circuit: measurement of current in various branches and
verification by calculation – drawing of phasor diagram.
15. Determination of locus diagram RL and RC circuit.
16. Study of frequency – current relations of given series RLC circuit and condition
for series resonance.
17. Measurement of single phase power – (a) Three ammeter method (b) three
voltmeter method
18. Measurement of single phase power and energy using wattmeter and energy meter
– calculation of error.
19. Determination of Power and Power factor of a given single phase circuit using
watt meter and power factor meter – power factor improvement of the above
circuit.
20. Determination of fusing time versus current characteristics for two specimens –
fusing factor – study of various types of fuses.
21. Measurement of Neutral shift voltage for an unbalanced star connected system.
MECHANICAL LAB
E 308 0+0+4
HYDRAULICS LAB
1. Study of centrifugal pump and components
2. Study of reciprocating pump and components – single cylinder and multi cylinder
3. Study of impulse and reaction turbines
4. Performance characteristics of centrifugal pump
5. Performance characteristics of reciprocating pump
6. Performance characteristics of Pelton Wheel
7. Performance characteristics of Francis turbine
8. Performance characteristics of Kaplan turbine
HEAT ENGINES LAB
1. Load Test (Constant speed test) on petrol engine
2. Load Test (Constant speed test) on diesel engine
3. Variable speed test on petrol engine
4. Variable speed test on diesel engine
5. Cooling curve of I.C engine
6. Performance test on air compressors and blowers
7. Performance test on refrigeration unit
8. Performance test on air-conditioning unit
FOURTH SEMESTER
ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS - III
CMELRPTA 401 3+1+0
Module 1
Ordinary Differential Equations: Linear Differential Equations with constant
coefficients – Finding P.I by the method of variation of parameters – Cauchy’s
equations – Linear Simultaneous equations – simple applications in engineering
problems.
Module 2
Partial Differential Equations: Formation by eliminating arbitrary constants
and arbitrary functions – solution of Lagrange’s Linear equations – Charpit’s
method – solution of homogeneous linear partial differential equation – equation
with constant coefficients - solution of one dimensional wave equation and heat
equation using method of separation of variables – Fourier solution of one
dimensional wave equation.
Module 3
Fourier Transforms: Statement of Fourier Integral Theorems – Fourier
transforms – Fourier sine and cosine transforms – inverse transforms – transforms
of derivatives – Convolution Theorem (no proof) – Parseval’s identity – simple
problems.
Module 4
Probability and Statistics: Binomial law of probability – The binomial
distribution, its mean and variance – Poisson distribution as a limiting case of
binomial distribution – its mean and variance – fitting of binomial and Poisson
distributions – normal distribution – properties of normal curve – standard normal
curve – simple problems in binomial, Poisson and normal distributions.
Module 5
Population and samples: Sampling distribution of mean (s known) – sampling
distribution of variance, F and Chi square test – Level of significance – Type 1
and Type 2 errors – Test of hypothesis – Test of significance for large samples –
test of significance for single proportion, difference proportion, single mean and
difference of mean (proof of theorems not expected).
References
1. Higher Engg. Mathematics: Grawal B. S, Khanna Publ.
2. Engineering Mathematics Vol.2: M. K Venkataraman, National Publishing
Co.
3. Elements of Partial Differential Equations: Ian N. Sneddon, Mc Graw Hill Intl’
4. Miller and Fread’s Probability and Statistics for Engineers: Richard A. Johnson,
Pearson education/ PHI.
5. A Text Book of Engg. Mathematics, Vol.2: Bali and Iyengar, Lakshmi Publ. Ltd.
6. Advanced Engg. Mathematics: Erwin Kreyszig, Wiley Eastern.
7. Probability and Statistical Inferences: Hogg and Tam’s, Pearson Education Asia.
NETWORK ANAYSIS AND SYNTHESIS
E 402 2+1+0
Module 1
Laplace transforms: Properties of Laplace Transforms – basic theorems –
Laplace transform of gate function, impulse function and periodic functions –
convolution integral – inverse Laplace transform – application of Laplace
transforms to solution of Network problems.
Module 2
Fourier series: Evaluation of Fourier coefficients – wave form symmetries as
related to Fourier coefficients – exponential form of Fourier series – steady state
response to periodic signals.
Fourier Integral: Spectrum envelop for a recurring pulse – the Fourier Integral
and Transforms – Application in Network analysis.
Module 3
Network Functions: Network functions for two port – poles and zeroes of
network functions – restrictions on poles and zeroes for driving point functions
and transfer functions. Two port parameters – short circuit admittance parameter –
open circuit impedance parameters – Transmission parameters – Image
parameters and Hybrid parameters. Ideal two port devices – ideal transformer –
Gyrator – negative impedance converter.
Module 4
Filters: Classification of filters – Characteristics of ideal filters – Image
impedance – Constant K low-pass, high-pass, and band-pass filters – m-derived
low-pass, high-pass and band-pass filters.
Module 5
Network Synthesis: Realizability concept – Hurwitz property – positive realness
– properties of positive real functions – Synthesis of R-L, R-C and L-C driving
point functions – Foster and Cauer forms.
References
1. Network Analysis: M.E Van Valkenburg
2. Circuits and Networks – Analysis and Synthesis: A. Sudhakar and S.P Shyam
Mohan
3. Networks and Systems: D. Roy Choudhary
4. Network Analysis and Synthesis: Franklin F. Kuo – John Wiley & Sons
5. Engineering Circuit Analysis: W.H. Hayt and J.E. Kemmerly – Mc-Graw Hill.
ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS
E 403 3+1+0
Module 1
Transistor Characteristics: CE, CB, CC Configurations – Biasing – Operating
Point – Operating point instability – thermal runaway – bias stability – Stability
factor – stabilization techniques – Fixed bias – Collector to Base bias – Emitter
bias – Voltage divider bias – Stability against variation in ICO.
FET: Principle of operation and characteristics – biasing FETs – self bias – FET
amplifier.
UJT: Principle of operation and characteristics.
Module 2
Small Signal Analysis: h-parameter equivalent circuit of a BJT – comparison of
CB, CE, and CC configurations – Determination of h – parameters from static
characteristics – current and voltage gains, input impedance of a basic amplifier in
h-parameters.
Multi-stage Amplifiers: RC coupling – Frequency response characteristics –
bandwidth – cascading of amplifiers – gain and bandwidth.
Module 3
Feedback amplifiers: Positive and Negative feedback – types of negative
feedback – Typical circuits –effect of negative feedback in amplifier performance.
Oscillators: Barkhausen criterion – classification of oscillators – Principle of
operation of RC phase-shift, Hartley and crystal oscillators (analysis not
required).
Module 4
Multi-vibrators: Principle of Operation and design of astable multi-vibrators –
principle of bi-stable and mono-stable multi-vibrators – circuits.
Sweep generators: Principle of Sweep generation – basic transistor sweep
circuit – Equation for sweep amplitude. Sweep generation using UJT relaxation
oscillator circuit.
Wave shaping: Clipping and Clamping circuits using diodes – RC differentiating
and Integrating Circuits.
Module 5
Power Amplifiers: Class A, B, AB and C operation – Efficiency of Class A and
B – Push-pull amplifier – Complimentary Symmetry amplifiers.
References
1. Integrated Electronics: Millman and Halkias, TMH
2. Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory: Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky,
Pearson Education Asia, LPE.
3. Electronic Principles: Albert Paul Malvino, TMH
4. Electronic Devices and Circuits, An Introduction: Allen Mottershead, PHI
ELECTRICAL MACHINES - I
E 404 3+1+0
Module 1
D.C Machines: Generation of D.C – Action of Commutator – constructional
details of D.C machine – magnetic circuit of D.C machines – D.C Armature
windings – Induced emf – emf equation – torque developed in a D.C machine –
generator and motor action – back emf – Armature mmf – magnitude and
direction – Air-gap flux distribution curve on load – effect of saturation –
Demagnetising and cross – magnetising armature mmf – variation with brush
position – compensating winding – Commutation – time of commutation – emf in
coil undergoing commutation – reactance emf – effect of brush shift – inter-poles.
Module 2
D.C Generator: Types of excitation – separately excited – self excited shunt,
series and compound machines. OCC – Condition for self excitation – field
critical resistance – critical speed – Load characteristics of generators – Load
critical resistance – parallel operation of shunt, series and compound generators –
equalizer connection – Losses – power flow diagram – efficiency - condition for
maximum efficiency – applications – special machines – welding generator –
Boosters.
Module 3
D.C Motors: Performance characteristics of shunt, series and compound wound
motors – starting – 3-point and 4-point starters – Calculation of resistance
elements for shunt motor starters – methods of speed control of shunt, series and
compound wound motors – effect of an open field circuit – power flow diagram –
efficiency – testing D.C machine – Swineburne’s test – Hopkinson’s test – Field’s
test – Retardation test.
Module 4
Transformers: Single phase transformer – Constructional details – Core –
windings – Insulation – principle of operation – Inrush of switching currents –
emf equation – magnetising current and core losses – no-load and load operation
– Phasor diagram – equivalent circuit – losses and efficiency – condition for
maximum efficiency – voltage regulation – approximate expression for voltage
regulation – harmonics in single phase transformers - Magnetising current wave
form – OC and SC tests – Sumpner’s test.
Module 5
Three phase Transformer: Constructional features of three phase transformers
– three phase connection of single phase transformers – oscillating neutral –
tertiary winding – Scott connection – open delta connection – three phase to six
phase connection – equal and unequal turns ratio – load sharing – distribution
transformers – all day efficiency. Autotransformers – saving of copper –
applications - tap-changing transformers - cooling of transformers.
References
1. The performance and Design of Direct Current Machines: A. E. Clayton and N. N
Hannock
2. AC Machines: M.G. Say
3. Theory of Alternating Current Machinery: Alexander Langsdorf, TMH
4. Electrical Machines: R.K Rajput
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING
E 405 3+1+0
Module 1
Introduction to C: The C character set – identifiers and keywords – data types –
user defined data types – constants and variables – declarations – operators –
expressions – statements – library input-output functions
Control statements: if, if-else, switch, goto statements – conditional and comma
operators.
Module 2
Iterative statements: ‘while’, ‘do-while’, ‘for’ statements – nested loops, break
and continue statements.
Functions: Declarations, definition and access – passing arguments to a function
– pass by value and pass by reference – recursion.
Storage classes: automatic variables – external variables – register variables –
scope and life time of variables.
Module 3
Arrays: single dimensional arrays – multidimensional arrays – definition –
initializing arrays- passing arrays to a function – matrix operations – addition,
transpose and multiplication.
Strings: Definition – string handling functions – comparison, concatenation and
sorting of strings.
Module 4
Pointers: Introduction – pointer declaration – operations on pointers.
Files: File pointers – data files: opening and closing – reading and writing.
Module 5
Structures and union: definition – initialization – accessing structure members
– array of structures – passing structure to a function – sorting of structures –
binary files – reading and writing of data blocks – union.
Dynamic memory allocation – self referential structures – basic concepts of
linked lists – adding and deleting nodes – command line arguments – macros – C
preprocessor.
References
1. Theory and Problems of Programming with C: B.S. Gotterfield, TMH
2. Programming in ANSI C: Balaguruswamy, TMH
3. Programming with ANSI & Turbo C: Ashok Kamthane, Pearson Education Asia
4. The Spirit of C, An Introduction to modern programming: Mullish & Cooper,
Jaico Publishing Co.
5. Programming in C: Stephen G. Kochan, CBS Publ.
6. Computer Programming in C: V. Rajaraman, PHI EEE
7. The Official Borland Turbo C Survival Guide: Miller & Quilci, Wiley Eastern
8. Programming Techniques through C: M. G Venkateshmurthy, Pearson Education
9. Let us C: Yashwant Kanetkar, BPB publ.
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS
E 406 2+1+0
Module 1
Principle of measuring instruments: Classification – indicating, recording and
integrating instruments – Torque acting on the moving system – deflecting torque
– methods of production – controlling torque – spring and gravity control –
damping torque – electromagnetic and air friction damping.
Constructional features of instruments – torque to weight ratio of the moving
system – basic theory of instruments – characteristics – damping coefficient –
under damped – over damped and critically damped and critically damped
instruments.
Module 2
Permanent magnet moving coil instruments: – Ammeters and Voltmeters –
Torque relationship – Milliammeters and voltmeters – shunt and multipliers –
sensitivity – multimeters.
Moving iron instruments: Attraction and Repulsion types – constructional
features – Ammeters and Voltmeters – Errors and Compensation.
Module 3
Electrodynamometer instruments: Ammeters, Voltmeters and Watt meters –
Sensitivity – Torque to weight ratio – methods of connection of current and
potential coils- Errors and compensation – low power factor wattmeters – single
phase wattmeters.
Induction type instruments: Wattmeters and energy meters – single phase and
three phase – constructional features – Theory of operation – Errors and
compensation – creep – maximum demand meters – Trivector meters.
Module 4
Rectifier Instruments: Principle of operation – Electrostatic instruments –
voltmeters – characteristics, applications.
Electronic voltmeters – basic DC voltmeters – basic AC voltmeter using rectifier
– basic electronic multi meter – function generator – RLC meter.
Cathode ray Oscilloscope: Principle – Application – Measurement of Voltage,
current, phase and frequency. Multi-channel oscilloscopes – principle of operation
and uses.
Module 5
Instruments for phase, frequency, speed, stroboscopic methods – Resonance
frequency meters – Power factor meters – Synchroscope – phase sequence
indicators.
Symbols for instruments – Indian standards specifications Grading of Instruments
– Classification.
References
1. Electrical Measurements and Measuring Instruments – Golding E.W, Wheeler
and Co., 1991.
2. Electrical and Electronic Instrumentation and Measurements – Sawhney A.K,
Dhanpat Rai and Co., 1992.
3. Modern Electronic Instrumentation and measurement Technique – Albert D.
Helfrick and William D. Cooper, PHI, 1992.
ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS LAB
E 407 0+0+4
1. Extension of instrument range by using
a. Shunt and multipliers
b. Instrument transformers
2. Measurement of 3-phase power using
a. Single watt meter
b. Two watt meters
c. Three-phase watt meter
3. Calibration of flux meter using
a. Standard solenoid
b. Hibbertz magnetic standard
4. Determination of BH characteristics
5. Hysterisis loop using CRO
6. Separation of core losses in a given magnetic specimen
7. (a) Study of Multi meter
(b) Measurement of R, L, C using LCR Bridge
8. Measurement of resistance using
a. Wheatstone Bridge
b. Kelvin’s Double bridge
c. Voltmeter and Ammeter – calculation of error due to voltmeter resistance
9. Calibration of ammeter, voltmeter and wattmeter and measurement of resistance
using
a. Simple slide-wire potentiometer
b. Vernier Potentiometer
c. Precision slide-wire potentiometer
10. Calibration of ammeter, voltmeter, wattmeter and measurement of impedance
using A.C Potentiometer
11. Measurement of self inductance, mutual inductance and coupling coefficient.
12. Calibration of single-phase Energy meter by
a. Direct loading
b. Phantom loading with and without using phase shifting transformer
13. Calibration of three-phase Energy meter by
a. Direct loading
b. Phantom loading
14. Efficiency measurement of Lamps using Lux meter
15. Measurement of displacement using LVDT
16. Measurement of different parameters using Trivectormeter
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING LAB
E 408 0+0+4
Part A
Familiarisation
1. Study of Operating systems like DOS, Windows, Linux etc; Commands for use of files
and directories, internal commands, external commands etc.
2. Familiarisation with word processing packages like MS Word, PageMaker etc.
3. Familiarisation with spread sheet packages like MS Excel.
Part B
Programming Experiments in C
Programming experience in C to cover control structures, functions, arrays, structures,
pointers and files in accordance with syllabus of E 405.
1. Summation of series
2. Preparation of Conversion tables
3. Solution of quadratic equations
4. Array manipulation
5. Functions
6. Recursive functions
7. String manipulation – compare, copy, reverse operations
8. Matrix operations
9. Stack operations and simple programs using linked lists
10. Tabulation of marks and declaration of results – input and output using files
11. Creation of numeric and text files, merging and appending of files.
Part C
Application of numerical methods
1. Solution of algebraic and transcendental equations: bisections, Newton- Raphson
method.
2. Numerical Integration – Simpson’s 1/3rd rule.
FIFTH SEMESTER
ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS - IV
CMELPA 501 3+1+ 0
Module 1
Complex Integration: Line integral – Cauchy’s integral theorem – Cauchy’s
integral formula – Taylor’s series – Laurent’s series – Zeroes and singularities –
residues – residue theorem – evaluation of real integrals using contour integration
involving unit circle and semi circle.
Module 2
Numerical Solution of algebraic and transcendental equations: Successive
bisection method – Regula – Falsi method – Newton – Raphson method –
solution of system of linear equation by Jacobi’s iteration method and Gauss –
Sidel method.
Module 3
Numerical solution of Ordinary Differential Equations: Taylor’s series
method – Euler’s method – Modified Euler’s method – Runga – Kutta method (IV
order) Milne’s predictor-corrector method.
Module 4
z - Transforms: Definition of z – transforms – properties – z-transform of
polynomial functions – trigonometric functions, shifting property, convolution
property – inverse transform – solution of first and second order difference
equations with constant coefficients using z-transforms.
Module 5
Linear Programming: Graphical solution – solution using simplex method (nondegenerative
only) – duality in LPT – balanced TP – Vogel’s approximation
method – Modi method.
References
1. Advanced Engg. Mathematics: Erwin Kreyszig, Wiley Eastern.
2. Numerical Methods in Engg. and Science : Grawal B. S, Khanna Publ.
3. Higher Engg. Mathematics: Grawal B. S, Khanna Publ.
4. Numerical Methods in Science and Engg.: M. K Venkataraman, National
Publishing Co.
5. Quantitative techniques: Theory and Problems: P.C Tulsian and Vishal Pandey,
Pearson Education Asia
6. Complex Variable and Applications: Churchill and Brown, McGrawHill
7. Engineering Mathematics Vol.3: S.Arumugam, A.T Issac and A.Somasundaram,
Scitech Publ.
8. Advanced Mathematics for Engineering students Vol-3: S. Narayanan, T.K.M
Pillai & G. Ramanaiah, S.Viswanathan Printers & Publ.
9. Operations Research: Paneer Selvam, PHI
DIGITAL CIRCUITS
E 502 3+1+0
Module 1
Number Systems and Codes: Arithmetic using signed and unsigned numbers-
Floating point representation- Normalized floating point representation-Gray
Codes, ASCII and EBCDIC code.
Logic gates: Elements of Boolean algebra- Logic operations- AND, OR, NOT,
NAND, NOR, XOR gates- De Morgan’s Theorem- Realisation of combinational
circuits using SOP and POS forms - K-map up to 4 variables- Half adder, full
adder circuits. Half subtraction and Full subtraction circuits.
Module 2
Logic Families: DTL, TTL and CMOS families- comparison of characteristics-
TTL NAND gate internal circuit- TTL characteristics- sinking and sourcing- fanin
and fan-out – CMOS characteristics – CMOS NAND and NOR gates.
Decoders: BCD to decimal, BCD to 7 Segment decoders- Encoders- Multiplexer-
Demultiplexer.
Module 3
Sequential Circuits: JK Flip-flops- SR JK, T and D flip-flops- buffers- Tri-state
buffers- racing- JK master-slave FF. Truth table and excitation table- conversion
of flip-flops from one type to another.
Asynchronous counters: Ripple counter- disadvantages-Decoding errorsmaximum
frequency of the counter – modulo N ripple counter using CLEAR and
PRESET inputs. Asynchronous UP- DOWN counters.
Module 4
Synchronous Counters: Methods to improve counter speed- synchronous serial
and parallel counters – synchronous counter design – modulo N counter design
for completely specific count sequence – lockout, design without lockout –
Synchronous UP/DOWN counters. Counter IC 7490.
Module 5
Shift Registers: SISO, PIPO, PISO, PIPO types – Universal shift registers.
Counters using Shift Registers: Ring counter – twisted ring counter- Design for
self starting ring counter.
References
1. Digital Principles and Applications: Malvino & Leach, TMH
2. Digital Fundamentals: Thomas L. Floyd
3. Digital Integrated Electronics: Taub & Schilling, McGraw Hill Intl.
4. Digital Electronics and Microcomputers: R.K. Gaur, Dhanpat Rai & sons
5. Engineering Approach to Digital Design: Fletcher – EEE Edition
COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
E 503 2+1+0
Module 1
Modulation: Need for modulation, Amplitude modulation–Definition-
Mathematical representation - Frequency spectrum - Power relations. Principle of
single side band transmission – Advantages - Disadvantages. Frequency
modulation – Definition – Mathematical representation - Frequency spectrum,
Comparison between FM and AM.
Module 2
Transmitter: AM transmitter – high level and low-level systems - functional
description of each block. FM transmitter – FET & BJT modulator.
Receiver: AM receiver – TRF receiver – Limitations. Superhetrodyne receiver –
block schematic, choice of IF, image signal rejection.
Module 3
Television: Composite video signal – synchronizing pulse – blanking pulseequalizing
pulse, Video BW, Positive and negative modulation, Vestigial side
band transmission, Television standards, Block schematic of monochrome TV
transmitter and receiver.
Colour Television: Compatibility, characteristics of colour transmission and
reception, luminance, hue & saturation, colour difference signal, I & Q signals,
frequency interleaving, colour sub carrier.
Module 4
Radar: Basic radar system, radar range equation – performance factors, Pulsed
radar, Continuous wave radar – advantages-limitations-applications, CW radar,
MTI radar system. Radio navigational aids – ILS – GCA.
Module 5
SATELLITE COMMUNICATION: Geo-synchronous satellites – advantages
and disadvantages, uplink & downlink, multiple access techniques – Basic
principles of FDMA, TDMA, DA-FDMA, DA-TDMA.
References
1. Electronic Communication Systems: George Kennedy, TMH
2. Electronic Communication Systems: Wayne Tomasi, Pearson Education, LPE
3. Monochrome and Colour Television: R.R Gulati, Wiley Eastern
4. Introduction to Radar Systems: Skoluik, McGraw Hill Intl.
5. Satellite Communications: D.C Agarwal, Khanna
6. Radio Engineering: Mithal, Khanna
INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT AND ENGINEERING ECONOMICS
E 504 3+2+0
PART A: INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT
Module 1
Modern Concepts of Management: Scientific management – functions of
management – planning – organizing – staffing – directing – motivating –
communicating – coordinating – controlling – Organisational structures – line,
line and staff, and functional relationships – Span of control – delegation –
Management by objectives.
Module 2
Personnel Management: Objectives and functions of personnel management –
recruitment – selection and training of workers – labour welfare – industrial
fatigue – Industrial disputes – Trade unions – Quality circles.
Formation of Companies: Proprietary – Partnership – joint stock companies –
public sector – joint sector and cooperative sector.
Module 3
Marketing Management: Pricing – Promotion – Channels of distribution –
Market research – Advertising.
Production Management: Batch and mass production – inventory control –
EOQ – Project planning by PERT /CPM – Construction of network (Basic Ideas
only)
References
1. Industrial Management: O.P. Khanna
2. Industrial Management: K.K Ahuja
3. Marketing Management: Philip Kotler
PART B: ENGINEERING ECONOMICS
Module 4
Theory of demand and supply – price mechanisms – factors of production – land,
labour, capital and organisation – National income – Difficulties in estimation –
Taxation – Direct and indirect taxes – Progressive and regressive – black money –
inflation – Causes and consequences.
Module 5
Indian Financial System – Reserve bank of India – Functions – Commercial
banking system –Development financial institutions – IDBI –ICICI – SIDBI –
IRBI- NABARD – Investment institutions – UTI – Insurance companies – Indian
capital market – Stock market – Functions – Role of the public sector –
Privatisation – Multinational corporations and their impact on the Indian
economy.
References
1. Indian Economy: A.N Agarwal
2. Modern Economic Theory: K.K. Dewett
3. Principles of Economics: K.P.M. Sundharam & M.C Vaish.
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
E 505 2+1+0
Module 1
Operational Amplifiers: Differential amplifier – block diagram of a typical op
amp – characteristics of an ideal op-amp – definitions of CMRR – slew rate –
input offset voltage – differential input resistance – input voltage range – SVRR –
large signal voltage gain – output voltage swing – output resistance – open-loop
configurations – disadvantages – closed-loop configurations – non inverting
amplifier – voltage follower – inverting amplifier – summing and scaling
amplifier – integrator – differentiator – logarithmic amplifier.
Module 2
Basic Comparator: Astable and mono stable multivibrators - Schmitt trigger –
zero crossing detector – precision rectifier – peak detector – sample and hold
circuit – function generator (no analysis).
Module 3
Active filters: First order low pass filter, high pass filter, band pass filter, band
reject filter (twin T notch filter). D/A converter – binary weighted resistor type –
ladder type – A/D converter – simultaneous A/D converter – counter type –
successive approximation converter – dual-slope converter – Digital voltmeter.
Module 4
Phase-locked-loop: Basic principles of PLL – block diagram – transfer
characteristics – applications of PLL as FM demodulator, AM demodulator and
frequency multiplier.
Module 5
Timer: The 555 timer – functional block diagram – astable and mono-stable
operation of 555 timers.
Regulated Power Supplies: Zener voltage regulator – series voltage regulator
using transistors (analysis not required) – Series op-amp regulator – IC voltage
regulator – 723/317 general purpose switching regulator.
References
1. Op-amp and Linear Integrated Circuits: Ramakant Gayakwad, Pearson Education
Asia, 4/e, LPE
2. Integrated Electronics: Millman and Halkias
3. Integrated Circuits: Botkar K.R
4. Linear IC: Roy Choudhary
5. Op-amp and Linear IC: Robert F. Coughlin
6. Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory: Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky
POWER ELECTRONICS
E 506 2+1+ 0
Module 1
Power Semiconductor Devices: Power diodes, Power Transistors, Power
MOSFET, IGBTs, Diac, Triac, GTOs – static characteristics and principle of
operation.
SCRs: Static and dynamic characteristics – two transistor analogy – gate
characteristics
Module 2
SCR ratings and specifications - Device protection – heat sink selection – series
and parallel operation of SCRs.
SCR Triggering circuits – R, RC, UJT triggering circuits – diac triggering circuit
– single pulse, continuous pulse carrier frequency triggering – pulse transformer –
amplification and isolation of SCR gate pulses.
Module 3
Phase control: single phase half wave controlled rectifier circuit – single phase
full wave controlled rectifier circuit – R, RL Loads – free wheeling – half
controlled and fully controlled bridge with continuous and steady current –
Expression for output voltage – wave forms – active and reactive power – effect
of source inductance – line commutated inverter – 3-phase half wave and full
wave controlled rectifier – expression for output voltage.
Module 4
Commutation of SCRs – classification of commutation schemes
Inverters: series and parallel inverters – single phase and three phase bridge
inverters (schematic diagrams and wave forms only) – Mc Murray Inverter –
Basic Principle of PWM.
Module 5
Choppers: Basic principle – Classification – Type A, B, C, D and E. (Analysis
not required)
Basic Principle of Cycloconverters.
Control Circuits: Generation of control pulses – block schematic of firing
circuits – linear and cosine comparison – Digital firing scheme.
References
1. Power Electronics – Circuits, Devices and Applications, M.H. Rashid,
PHI/Pearson Edn.
2. Power Electronic Systems – Theory and Design, Jai P. Agarwal, Pearson
Education Asia, LPE
3. Power Electronics, P.S Bhimbhra, Khanna publ., New Delhi
4. A Text Book of Power Electronics, S.N Singh, Dhanpat Rai & Co, 2000
5. Power Electronics – Converters, Applications and Design, Mohan N,
Undeland T.M and Robbins W.P, John Wiley -1989
6. Power Electronics, Harish C. Rai, Galgotia Publ.
ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB - I
E 507 0+0+4
D.C. Machines
1. Study of 3-point and 4-point starters for D.C machines – mode of connection –
protective arrangements
2. OCC of self and separately excited D.C machines – critical resistances of various
speeds. Voltage built-up with a given field circuit resistance. Critical speed for a
given field circuit resistance
3. Load test on shunt and compound generator – deduce external, internal and armature
reaction characteristics. Find load critical resistance.
4. Characteristics of D.C series machine as motor and generator.
5. Swineburne’s and retardation test on D.C machines.
6. Brake test on D.C shunt, compound motors and determination o characteristics.
7. Hopkinson’s test on a pair of D.C machines.
8. Separation of losses in a D.C machine.
9. Field’s test on D.C machine.
Transformers
10. Polarity, transformation ratio, tests of single phase units and star-delta combination
for 3-phase operation.
11. O.C and S.C tests on single phase transformers – calculation of performance using
equivalent circuit – efficiency, regulation at unity, lagging and leading power factors.
Verification by direct loading.
12. Sumpner’s test on single phase transformers.
13. O.C and S.C tests on three-phase transformers.
14. Scott connection – check for 2 phase – predetermination of primary current for
balanced and unbalanced secondary currents – verification by actual loading.
15. Parallel operation and load sharing of two single phase dissimilar transformers.
16. Separation of losses of single phase transformer into Hysterisis and eddy current
losses.
17. Paralleling of Three-phase transformers and load sharing.
18. Auto transformer – equivalent circuit.
ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS LAB
E 508 0+0+4
1. Design and testing of clipping, clamping, RC integrator and differentiator circuits
– Display of Transfer characteristics on CRO.
2. Design and testing of rectifier circuits – Half wave – Full wave (centre – tapped
and bridge) circuits. Filter circuits.
3. Zener regulator design and testing.
4. BJT, FET and UJT characteristics.
5. Design and testing of CE amplifier – frequency response.
6. Design and testing of RC coupled and feedback amplifiers.
7. FET amplifier.
8. Sweep circuits – UJT and BJT based sweep generators – sweep circuit using
constant current source (BJT).
9. Design and Testing of RC phase-shift Oscillator and LC Oscillator.
10. Design and Testing of Astable and Bi-stable Multi-vibrators.
11. Relay driving circuit using transistors.
12. Study of IC power amplifiers.
Optional
Simulation of the above circuits using EDA tools like pSPICE.
(Any experiment relevant to E 403 may be added)
References
1. Electronic Principles: A.P. Malvino – TMH
2. Electronic Devices: Floyd – Pearson Education, LPE
3. Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory: Robert L. Boylestad and Louis
Nashelsky, Pearson Education Asia, LPE.
SIXTH SEMESTER
CONTROL SYSTEMS - I
E 601 3+1+0
Module 1
Introduction: Concept of a system – control system – open-loop system – levels
of sophistication in a control system – mathematical model of physical systems –
plant representation – transfer functions – block diagrams – signal flow graphs –
effects of feedback on parameter variations, system dynamics and disturbance
signals.
Module 2
Time response analysis: Type and order of a system – time domain analysis of
systems – typical test input signals – response of first order systems to unit step,
unit ramp, and unit impulse signals – step response of second order systems –
performance characteristics of feed back control systems – time domain
behaviour from pole-zero plot
Steady state errors and error constants – generalized error constants –
improvement of performance by derivative control, integral control, PID control.
Module 3
Concepts of Stability: BIBO stability – asymptotic stability – Routh Hurwitz
stability criterion – relative stability – root locus technique – construction of root
loci – root contours – systems with transportation lag.
Module 4
Frequency response analysis: Correlation between time and frequency response
– polar plots – bode plots – relative stability – phase margin and gain margin –
minimum and non-minimum phase systems.
Module 5
Stability in Frequency domain: Nyquist stability criterion – relative stability.
Control System Components: synchros – resolvers – rotating amplifiers –
magnetic amplifier – Amplidyne – Tachogenerators – DC and AC servo motors –
Gyroscopes – stepper motor.
References
1. Modern Control Engineering: Katsuhiko Ogatta, Pearson Education Asia
2. Analog and Digital Control System Design: Chi Tsong Chen, Oxford University
Press
3. Modern Control Systems: Dorf and Bishop, Addison Wesley, LPE, 9th Ed.
4. Control System Design & Principles: M. Gopal, TMH
ELECTRICAL MACHINES - II
E 602 3+1+0
Module 1
Synchronous Machines: Types – selection of alternators – constructional
features of cylindrical and salient pole machines.
Armature windings: different types – phase grouping – single and double layer,
integral and fractional slot winding – emf equation – distribution factor – coil
span factor – tooth harmonic ripples – skewed slots – harmonics, elimination of
harmonics – revolving magnetic field.
Module 2
Armature Reaction – Synchronous reactance – circuit model of synchronous
machine.
Regulation – predetermination – emf, mmf and potier methods, saturated
synchronous reactance – Phasor diagrams – short circuit ratio – two-reaction
theory – Phasor diagram – slip test – measurement of Xd, Xq, losses and
efficiency of synchronous machines.
Module 3
Parallel operation of alternators – load sharing – synchronising power and torque
– governor characteristics – method of synchronising – synchroscope.
Synchronous Motor: Principles of operation – torque and power relationships –
Phasor diagram – hunting in synchronous machines – damper winding – starting
of synchronous motors.
Module 4
Synchronous machines connected to infinite bus – power angle characteristics of
cylindrical rotor and salient pole machines – reluctance power – steady state
stability limit – V-curves – inverted V-curves – O-curves – synchronous
condenser – symmetrical short circuit of unloaded alternators – steady state,
transient and sub-transient reactance – current variation during short circuit.
Module 5
Generalised Machine Theory: Dynamic representation of generalised machines
– formation of emf equation – expression of power and torque – representation of
DC machines – synchronous machine and Induction motor.
Excitation systems: different types – comparison – exciter ceiling voltage –
excitation limits – exciter response – methods of increasing the response of an
exciter.
Brushless Alternators: Principle of operation constructional features – excitation
methods – voltage regulation.
References
1. The performance and Design of AC Machines: M.G. Say
2. Theory of Alternating Current Machinery: Alexander Langsdorf
3. A course in Electrical Engg. Vol.2: C.L Dawes
4. Power System Stability – Vol. 3: E.W Kimbark
5. Electrical Machines: P.S Bhimbra
6. Generalised Theory of Electrical machines: P. S Bhimbra
7. Theory and performance Electrical Machines: J.B Gupta
ELECTRICAL POWER TRANSMISSION
E 603 3+1+0
Module 1
Transmission Line Constants: Resistance – skin effect – proximity effect.
Inductance of single phase line – inductance of three phase line with symmetrical
and unsymmetrical spacing – transposed line.
Capacitance of single phase line – capacitance of three phase line with
symmetrical and unsymmetrical spacing – transposed lines – effect of earth on
line capacitance – geometric mean distance – geometric mean radius
Module 2
Overhead Lines: Mechanical characteristics - Conductor – bundled conductors –
line supports – spacing between conductors – sag and tension calculations – effect
of ice and wind - sag at the time of erection – vibration and dampers
Line insulators: Different types – pin type – suspension type – strain type –
potential distribution of a string of suspension insulator – string efficiency –
equalization of potential – testing of insulators
Module 3
Performance of Transmission Lines: Classification of transmission lines –
analysis of short lines- medium line by nominal pi and T methods – rigorous
solution of long lines – A, B, C, D constants – Ferranti effect – losses in an open
circuited line – power flow through transmission lines
Voltage Control: Different methods – static capacitor – tap changing transformer
– booster transformer – phase modifier – power circle diagram – calculation
Module 4
Corona: Critical disruptive voltage – visual critical voltage – power loss – factors
affecting – methods to reduce corona – radio interference effect
Substations: Types - general layout - neutral grounding – resistance earthing –
reactance earthing – arc suppression coil earthing – grounding transformer -
Power system earthing - measurement of earthing resistance
Module 5
Extra High Voltage Transmission: Need for EHV transmission – limitations of
EHV AC transmission – requirements of EHV lines - reactive compensation in
EHV systems – EHV systems in India.
HVDC Transmission - Advantages and disadvantages – Graetz circuit – inversion
– kinds of d.c. links – economic distance of DC transmission
References
1. Modern Power System Analysis: Nagrath and Kothari, TMH
2. Electrical Power Systems: C. L. Wadhwa, New Age Int’l
3. Electrical Power: Uppal
4. A Course in Electrical Power Systems: Soni, Gupta, Bhatnagar
5. HVDC Power Transmission System: K. R. Padiyar
6. Power System Analysis: Bergen, Pearson, 2/e
DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
E 604 2+1+0
Module 1
Introduction: Elements of a Digital Processing System - Advantages of Digital
over Analog Signal Processing. Applications of DSP.
Discrete-Time Signals and Systems: Elementary Discrete-Time Signals-
Classification of Discrete-Time Systems - LTIV systems- -Causality, Stability.
Frequency Domain representation of discrete-time signals: Fourier transform
of a sequence - properties of Fourier Transforms.
Module 2
Discrete Fourier Transform: Properties of DFT-Linearity-shifting property,
symmetry property, Convolution of a sequence. Fast Fourier Transform
Decimation-in time radix- two FFT- decimation in frequency radix-two FFT.
Module 3
Review of z transforms: inverse z-transform - properties of z- transforms.
Realisation of digital filters: Direct and cascaded structures for FIR filters -
direct and cascade and parallel structures for IIR filters.
Module 4
FIR filters: characteristics of practical frequency selective filters-characteristics
of FIR filters with linear phase - design of linear phase FIR filters using windowsrectangular,
Hamming, Hanning and Kaiser windows, FIR filter design using
frequency sampling.
Module 5
IIR filters: Properties of IIR filters-design of IIR digital filters from analog
filters-Butterworth design-Chebyshev design - impulses invariant transformation-
Bilinear transformation.
DSP chips: TMS 320C family - features and block schematic of simplified
architecture.
References
1. Digital Signal Processing – Alan V. Oppenheim and Ronald W. Schafer, Pearson
Education Asia, LPE
2. Digital Signal Processing - John G. Proakis and Dimitris G. Manolakis
3. Digital Signal Processing: A Practical Approach – Emmanuel C. Ifeachor and
Barrie W. Jervis, Pearson Education Asia, LPE
4. An Introduction to Digital Signal Processing: Johny R. Johnson
MICROPROCESSORS AND APPLICATIONS
E 605 3+1+ 0
Module 1
Evolution of Processors – single chip microcomputer – Intel 8085 Microprocessor
– signals – architecture of 8085 – ALU – register organisation – timing and
control unit – microprocessor operations – instruction cycle – fetch, decode and
execute operation – T-state, machine cycle and instruction cycle – timing diagram
of opcode fetch, memory read, I/O read, memory write and I/O write cycles –
wait state.
Module 2
Instruction set of 8085: Classification of instructions – different addressing
modes – writing assembly language programs – typical examples like 8 bit and 16
bit arithmetic operations, finding the sum of a data array, finding the largest and
smallest number in a data array, arranging a data array in ascending and
descending order, finding square from look-up table. Counters and time delays –
delay using one register, two registers and register pair.
Module 3
Stack and Subroutines: Stack pointer – stack operations – call-return sequence –
examples
Interrupts of 8085: restart instructions – interrupt structure of 8085 – vectored
locations – SIM and RIM instructions – software and hardware polling.
Module 4
Memory interfacing - ROM and RAM – interfacing I/O devices – address space
partitioning – memory mapped I/O and I/O mapped I/O schemes – interfacing
I/Os using decoders – the 8212 I/O device – interfacing LED and matrix keyboard
– programmable peripheral devices – 8155 and 8255, block diagram,
programming simple input and output ports.
Module 5
Different data transfer schemes: synchronous and asynchronous data transfer –
programmed and interrupt driven data transfer.
Applications of microprocessor in system design: interfacing ADC 0808 –
interfacing DAC 0800. DMA controller 8257-Interfacing of stepper motor –
interfacing of 8279 keyboard /display controller- 8275 CRT controller.
Architecture and operation of 8086.
References
1. Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and Applications: R.S. Gaonkar,
Penram Intl’
2. Fundamentals of Microprocessors and Microcomputers: B. Ram, Dhanpat Rai and
Sons
3. 0000 to 8085: Introduction to Microprocessors and Engineers: P.K Ghosh, PHI
4. Microprocessors and Digital Systems: Douglas V. Hall, McGraw Hill
5. Introduction to Microprocessors: A.P Mathur, TMH
6. Digital Electronics and Microprocessors: Malvino, TMH
COMPUTER ORGANISATION
E 606 2+0+ 0
Module 1
Introduction: Functional block diagram of digital computer – processor
organization – typical operation cycle: fetch, decode and execute –
microprogrammed Vs hardwired control (basic concepts only) – bus structures.
Module 2
Arithmetic and Logic unit: Adders- serial and parallel adders- fast adders- carry
look ahead adder- 2’s complement adder/subtractor- multiplication and division
operations (description using block schematic diagrams only)-design of Logic
unit-one stage ALU.
Module 3
Memory System: memory parameters – main memory – cache memory –
auxiliary memory – semiconductor RAM – Static RAM –Dynamic RAM – ROM
– PROM – EPROM – E2PROM – Flash Memory.
Programmable Logic Devices: PAL, PLA, FPLA, Applications.
Module 4
Memory Organisation: Internal Organisation of memory chips – cache memory
– mapping functions – direct mapping – associative mapping – set associative
mapping – memory interleaving – Hit and miss – virtual memory – organization –
Address translation.
Module 5
Input/Output Organisation: access to I/O Devices – Interrupts – Enabling and
Disabling of Interrupts – Handling multiple devices –Buses – Synchronous and
Asynchronous buses.
Data Communication interfaces and standards: parallel and serial ports –
RS232, RS423 serial bus standards –GPIB IEEE488 Instrumentation bus
standard- PCI, SCSI, USB (basic ideas only).
References
1. Computer Organisation: V. Hamacher – Mc Graw Hill
2. Logic and Computer Design Fundamentals: M. Morris Mano
3. 2/e Pearson Computer Organisation and Design: P. Pal Chaudhari – PHI
4. Digital Computer Fundamentals: Thomas Bastee
DIGITAL LAB
E 607 0+0+4
1. Study of TTL gates
2. Characteristics of TTL gates
3. Realisation of sequential circuits
4. Study of SR. JK, D, T and JK Master-Slave Flip Flops
5. Study of seven segment display
6. Testing of different shift registers
7. Design and Testing of decoders and encoders
8. Design and testing of astable and mono-stable multivibrator using 555
9. Design and testing asynchronous and synchronous counters and modulo N
counter
10. Design and testing of counters using shift registers
11. Realisation of ADC and DAC
12. Testing of arithmetic circuits using op-amps
13. Design and testing of square wave generation using op-amps
14. Study of IC Regulator Power supplies
SYSTEMS LAB
E 608 0+0+4
1. 8085 assembly language programming experiments
a. 8-bit and 16 bit arithmetic operations
b. Arranging a data array in descending and ascending order
c. BCD to binary and binary to BCD conversion
d. Finding square root of a number
e. Finding out square root of a number using look-up table
f. Setting up time delay and square wave generation
g. Interfacing of LEDs, 7 segment displays
h. Traffic control signals
i. Interfacing of stepper motor
j. Interfacing of ADC
k. Interfacing of DAC
l. Generation of firing pulses for SCR.
m. Interfacing of Power devices
n. Interfacing LCD displays
2. VCO circuits using IC 566, 4046B etc.
3. PLL systems using IC 565, 4046B etc.
4. Multiplexed Displays
SEVENTH SEMESTER
ELECTRICAL MACHINES - III
E 701 3+1+ 0
Module 1
Three phase Induction Motor: Construction – squirrel cage and slip-ring motor
– principle of operation – slip and frequency of rotor current – mechanical power
and developed torque – Phasor diagram – torque slip curve – pull out torque –
losses and efficiency.
No load and locked rotor tests – equivalent circuit – performance calculation from
equivalent circuit – circle diagram – operating characteristics from circle diagram
– cogging and crawling and methods of elimination
Module 2
Starting of three phase squirrel cage induction motor – direct online starting –
auto transformer – star-delta starting – starting of slip-ring motor – design of rotor
rheostat – variation of starting torque with rotor resistance.
Speed control – pole changing – rotor resistance control – frequency control –
static frequency conversion – Applications of Induction machines – single
phasing – analysis using symmetrical components.
Module 3
Induction Generator: Theory – Phasor diagram – equivalent circuit -
Synchronous Induction motor: – construction – rotor winding connections –
circle diagram – pulling into step.
Single phase Induction motor: revolving field theory – equivalent circuit –
torque slip curve – starting methods – split phase, capacitor start-capacitor run
and shaded pole motors.
Module 4
Single phase Series Motor: Theory – Phasor diagram – circle diagram –
compensation and interpole winding – Universal motor
Repulsion Motor: torque production – Phasor diagram – compensated type of
motors – repulsion start and repulsion run induction motor – applications
Reluctance motor – Hysterisis motor
Module 5
Deep bar and double cage induction motor – equivalent circuit – torque slip curve
– Commutator motors – principle and theory – emf induced in a commutator
winding - - Poly-phase commutator motors – three phase series and shunt type –
Schrage motor – characteristics – applications – use of commutator machines as
frequency converters, phase advancers – expedor type and susceptor type –
Walker and Scherbius advancers – Linear Induction motor – operation and
application
References
1. Performance and Design of AC machines – M.G Say
2. Theory of Alternating Current machines - Alexander Lagnsdorf
3. A.C Commutator motor – Openshaw Taylor
4. Alternating Current machines – Puchstein & Lloyd
ELECTRICAL DRIVES AND CONTROL
E 702 2+1+0
Module 1
DC motors: Methods of Speed control – single phase rectifiers with motor loadsingle
phase fully controlled bridge rectifier drives – half controlled bridge
rectifier drives – freewheeling with regeneration – speed torque characteristics –
power in load and source circuits
Module 2
3 Phase fully controlled bridge rectifier drives – free wheeling, freewheeling with
regeneration – Dual converter fed DC motor drives – chopper fed drives – single,
two and four quadrant chopper drives
Module 3
(Qualitative treatment only)
Speed control of 3 Phase induction motors – stator voltage control – principle –
controller configurations – operation and applications
Slip power recovery scheme – principle – static Kramer’s drive – static
Scherbius’ drive – applications
V/f control – constant torque and constant power control
Module 4
(Qualitative treatment only)
Voltage Source Inverter – Application to induction motor drives – v/f, e/f, flux
weakening schemes of control – applications
PWM inverter drive
Current Source Inverter – application to induction motor drives – operation under
fixed frequency – operation under variable frequency – applications
Module 5
(Qualitative treatment only)
Speed control of synchronous motors – adjustable frequency operation of
synchronous motors – principles of synchronous motor control – Voltage Source
Inverter Drive with open loop control – self controlled synchronous motor with
electronic commutation – self controlled synchronous motor drive using load
commutated thyristor inverter.
Principle of Vector control
References
1. Power Electronic Control of AC motors – J.M.D Murphy and F.G Turnbill,
Pergumon Press 1988
2. Power Semiconductor controlled Drives – G.K Dubey, Prentice hall, 1989
3. Modern Power Electronics and AC Drives – Bose B.K, Pearson Education
Asia -2002
4. Electric Drives – N.K De and P.K Sen, PHI New Delhi 2001
5. Power Electronics – M.D Singh and K.B Khanchandani, TMH, 1998
6. Mohammad A and E.L Sharkaw – Fundamentals of Electric Drives –
Thomson Learning
7. Power Semiconductor Drives – Vedam Subramaniam, TMH
UTILISATION OF ELECTRICAL POWER
E 703 2+1+0
Module 1
Electric Drives: Advantages of Electric drives – factors affecting choice of
motors – mechanical characteristic of DC and AC motors – motors for particular
applications llike textile mill, steel mill, paper mill, mine, hoists, cranes – size and
rating of motors.
Electrical Braking – plugging – dynamic and regenerative braking – energy
returned to the mains
Module 2
Electric Traction: Advantages and disadvantage - speed time curves – analysis
using trapezoidal speed time curve - mechanics of train movement – tractive
effort – specific energy consumption – factors affecting specific energy
consumption - train resistance – adhesive weight – coefficient of adhesion -
traction motor & characteristics
Series-parallel control of D.C. series motor – shunt and bridge transition - energy
saving by series parallel control.
Module 3
Electric Heating and Welding: Electric heating – resistance types – design of
heating element – induction heating – types of high frequency heating – dielectric
heating – methods of high frequency generation – direct and indirect arc furnaces
– power supply and control for different types of arc furnaces – application.
Electric welding – resistance welding – arc welding – electronic welding control
Module 4
Illumination: Review of definitions and laws of illumination – requirements of
good lighting -polar curves – Rousseau’s construction - lighting calculation –
design of interior and exterior lighting system - factory lighting – flood lighting –
street lighting.
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning: Types of refrigeration and air conditioning
systems – refrigerants – no frost refrigeration – trouble shooting – working of
electrical systems – protection of motors.
Module 5
Energy Management: Necessity for Energy Management – Energy Saving –
adopting non-conventional sources – Energy Management techniques (case
study) applied to 1) Residential Buildings, 2) Industries/Organisations – Energy
auditing
References
1. Utilisation of Electrical Energy: Openshaw Taylor
2. A Course in Electrical Power: Soni Gupta
3. Generation, Distribution & Utilization: C.L Wadhwa
4. Utilisation of Electric Power: N.V Suryanarayana, New Age Int’l.
5. Energy Conservation Handbook: Utility publication
CONTROL SYSTEMS - II
E 704 3+1+0
Module 1
Compensation and design of Control Systems: cascade compensation – lag,
lead and lag-lead compensators – frequency domain methods – Bode plot method
– Root-locus methods
Module 2
Digital Control Systems: the process of sampling – sample and hold circuits –
Review of z transforms and its properties – solving difference equation by z
transform methods – inverse z transform – the pulse transfer function – response
between sampling instants – system characteristic equation – Jury’s stability test.
Module 3
Non-Linear Control Systems: Common physical non linearities – the phase
plane method – basic concepts – describing functions of saturation, dead zone non
linearities – stability analysis using describing functions.
Module 4
State Variable Approach: state space representation – block diagram
representation of linear system in state variable form – non uniqueness of the set
of state variables – Eigen values of an n X n matrix – eigen vectors – transfer
function – solution of homogeneous state equation – state transition matrix.
Module 5
State equations from transfer function – decomposition of transfer function –
controllability and observability - pole placement compensation – state variable
approach to discrete data system – vector matrix difference equation – solution of
the general linear time invariant systems – vector matrix difference equation
References
1. Modern Control Engineering – Katsuhiko Ogatta, Pearson Education
Asia/PHI
2. Modern Control Systems –Dorf and Bishop, Pearson Education Asia
3. Analog and digital Control System Design – Chi Tsong Chen, Oxford
University Press
4. Discrete Time Control of Dynamic Systems – Katsuhiko Ogatta, Pearson
Education Asia
5. Digital Control of Dynamic Systems – G.F Franklin, J. David Powell and
Michael Workman, Pearson Education Asia
SYSTEM DESIGN WITH MICROCONTROLLERS
E 705 2+1+0
Module 1
Microcontrollers and Microprocessors - Comparison.
Intel 8051: Architecture–Block diagram-Oscillator and Clock-Internal Registers-
Program Counter-PSW-Register Banks-Input and Output ports-Internal and
External memory, Counters and Timers, Serial data I/O- Interrupts-SFRs.
Module 2
Programming of 8051: Instruction syntax-Types of instructions–Moving data-
Arithmetic Instructions-Jump and Call Instructions-Logical Instructions-Single
Bit Instructions.
Arithmetic programs. Timing subroutines –Software time delay- Software polled
timer- Addressing Modes
Module 3
I/O Programming: Timer/Counter Programming-Interrupts Programming- Timer
and external Interrupts- Serial Communication- Different character transmission
techniques using time delay, polling and interrupt driven-Receiving serial data –
polling for received data, interrupt driven data reception.
Module 4
Microcontroller system design: External memory and Memory Address
Decoding for EPROM and RAM. Interfacing keyboard. 7 segment display and
LCD display. Interfacing of ADC (0808) and DAC (808) to 8051.
Module 5
Designing a stand alone Microcontroller system: Typical system design
examples (Block-Diagram level only) - Data acquisition system- Measurement of
frequency - Temperature control
Introduction to PLCs: Basic configuration of PLCs
Text Books
1. The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems – Muhammad Ali Mazidi and
Janice Gillispie Mazidi, Pearson Education Asia.
2. The 8051 Microcontroller – Architecture, Programming and Applications –
Kenneth J. Ayala, Penram International Publishing (India), Second Ed.
Reference
1. Intel Data Book on MCS 51 family
Web Reference
ELECTIVE - I
E 706 3+1+0
List of Electives
E 706.1 CMELR Optimisation Techniques (Common to all branches)
E 706.2 HVDC Engineering
E 706.3 Neural Networks
E 706.4 Object Oriented Programming
E 706.5 Biomedical Instrumentation
Note
New Electives may be added according to the needs of emerging fields of
technology. The name of the elective and its syllabus should be submitted to the
University before the course is offered.
________________________________
OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES
CMLRTA 706-1
________________________________
HVDC ENGINEERING
E 706-2
Module 1
Introduction: Comparison of AC, DC transmission – Description of DC
transmission systems – modern trends in thyristor valves – Pulse number of
converters – choice of converter configuration – Review of Graetz circuit – Valve
rating – Transformer rating – Simplified analysis of Graetz circuit without overlap
only.
Module 2
HVDC System Control: principles of DC link control – converter control
characteristics – system control hierarchy – firing angle control – individual phase
control and equidistant phase control – comparison – advantages and
disadvantages – current and extinction angle control – starting and stopping of DC
link – power control
Module 3
Converter faults and protection: types of faults – commutation failure –arc
through and misfire – protection against over currents – over voltages – surge
arresters – protection against over voltages
Module 4
Harmonics and filters: Sources of harmonics in HVDC systems - Smoothing
reactors – Corona and radio interference effects – harmonic distortion factor
(derivation not required) – types of AC filters – DC filters (design not required)
Module 5
Multi-terminal DC systems: applications of MTDC systems – types –
comparison.
Reactive power control: sources of reactive power – static VAR systems – TCR
configuration (analysis not required) – Typical control system (block diagram
only) for a TCR – operation of Thyristor switched capacitor
Text Book
1. HVDC Power Transmission Systems-Technology and System Interactions: K.R
Padiyar, New Age Int’l.
Reference
1. Direct Current Transmission Vol 1: E.W Kimbark, Wiley
_____________________________________
NEURAL NETWORKS
E 706-3
_____________________________________
OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
E 706-4
Module 1
OOP concepts: Objects-classes-data abstraction-data encapsulation-inheritancepolymorphism-
dynamic binding-comparison of OOP and Procedure oriented
programming-object oriented languages.
OOP using C++: Classes and objects-class declaration-data members and member
functions-private and public members-member function definition-inline
functions-creating objects-accessing class members.
Module 2
Arrays of objects-objects as function arguments-pass by value-reference
variables/aliases-pass by reference-function returning objects-static class members.
Constructors and destructors -declaration, definition and use-default,
parameterized and copy constructors-constructor overloading.
Module 3
Polymorphism: function overloading-declaration and definition-calling overloaded
functions. Friend classes-friend functions-operator overloading-overloading unary -
overloading binary operators- use of friend functions
Module 4
Inheritance: different forms of inheritance-base class-derived class-visibility modessingle
inheritance-characteristics of derived class-abstract class
File handling in C++: file stream classes-file pointers-open (), close (), read (), write
() functions-detecting end of file.
Module 5
Dynamic memory allocation: pointer variables-pointers to objects-new and delete
operators-accessing member functions using object pointers-'this' pointer. Run time
polymorphism: pointers to base class-pointers to derived class-virtual functionsdynamic
binding.
References
1. Object Oriented Programming with C++ - Balagurusamy, McGraw Hill
2. Object Oriented Programming in Turbo C++ - Robert Lafore ,Galgotia Publications
3. C++Programming Language - Bjame Stroustrup, Addison Wesley
4. C++ primer -Stanely B.Lippman, PearsonEducation,Asia
5. Data Abstraction and OOP in C++ - Gordenkeith
6. Object Oriented Analysis & Design - Grady Booch, Addison Wesley
BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION
E706-5
ELECTRICAL DRAWING
E 707 0+0+3
PART A
DC Winding
1. Lap winding with equalizer rings.
2. Wave winding, dummy coils.
DC Machines
1. Dimensioned sketches of (a) front and end views of armature (b) commutator (c)
brush holders (d) slot details.
2. Dimensioned sketches of yoke and pole assembly.
3. Dimensioned sketches of front and side views of an assembled medium size D.C
machine.
Transformers
1. Sections of core type transformer limbs.
2. Dimensioned sketch (external view) of a distribution transformer with all
accessories.
3. (a) Dimensioned sketch of sections of transformer limb.
(b) Assembled sectional view of Power transformer.
PART B
AC Winding
Three – phase AC winding
1. Integral slot lap winding
2. Short chorded winding
3. Fractional slot winding
4. Mush winding
AC machines
Dimensioned sketches of parts and assembled views of
1. Salient pole alternator
2. Cylindrical rotor alternator
3. Dimensioned sketches of parts and assembled views of
4. Squirrel cage induction motor
5. Slip ring Induction motor
References
1. Electrical Engineering Drawing - S. K Bhattacharya
2. Electrical Engineering Drawing – K.L. Narang
3. Electrical Machine Design – A.K Sawhney
(University Examination Pattern: 3 questions from Part A, of which any two must be
answered, and 3 questions from part B of which any two must be answered. All questions
carry 25 marks each).
CONTROL AND POWER ELECTRONICS LAB
E 708 0+0+4
Part A: Control Systems Lab
1. Transfer Function of Separately excited DC generator
2. Transfer Function of Field-Controlled DC motor
3. Transfer Function of Armature-Controlled DC motor
4. Amplidyne characteristics and transfer function
5. Voltage regulation of DC generator using Amplidyne
6. Synchro characteristics, error detection and data transmission, differential
Synchro
7. AC servo motor – speed transfer characteristics
8. Step and sinusoidal response of RLC circuits
9. Study of PID controller – design and experimental determination of frequency
response of lag and lead networks
10. D.C servo motor position control system
11. Use of MATLAB for simulating transfer functions, closed-loop systems etc.
Part B: Power Electronics Lab
1. Study of V-I characteristic of SCRS triac.
2. Study of BJT, IGBT, GTO & MOSFET.
3. R, RC and UJT firing circuits for the control of SCRS.
4. Design and implementation of Ramp-Comparator and digital firing scheme
for simple SCR circuits.
5. Automatic lighting control with SCRs and optoelectronic components.
6. AC phase control using SCR and Triac.
7. Speed control of DC motor using choppers and converters.
8. Generation and study the PWM control signal for Single phase dc to ac
inverter.
9. Study and use of the single phase half controlled & fully controlled AC to DC
Converter and effect of firing angle control on load voltage & wave Forms.
10. Study and use of back to back connected SCR/ triac Controlled AC Voltage
controller and its wave forms with Variation of firing angle.
11. Study & use chopper circuit for the control of DC Voltage using (1) Pulse
width control (2) Frequency Control.
12. Study of Single Phase inverter and its wave form.
13. Study of Three Phase firing circuit with synchronisation, and testing with
three phase AC to DC bridge converter. Testing of wave forms of digital
firing modules.
14. Study and Testing of a Three Phase bridge inverter with different types of
loads.
15. Simulation of gating circuits and simple converter circuits.
